UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA        AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION 

BENJ.    IDE    WHEELER,    PRESIDENT 

COLLEGE   OF   AGRICULTURE  THOMAS  FORSYTH   HUNT,  DEAN  AND  DlRECTOR 

Br  {->  u  C  I    C\/  H-   E-    VAN    NORMAN,    Vice-Director    and    Dean 

ERKELEY  UNIVERSITY    P.RM    SCHOOL 


CIRCULAR  No.  153 
July,  1916 


ANNOUNCEMENT  OF  THE  CALIFORNIA  STATE 
DAIRY  COW  COMPETITION,  1916-18 


By  F.  W.  WOLL 


The  College  of  Agriculture  of  the  University  of  California  will 
conduct  a  competition  for  dairy  herds  during  the  coming 
year,  in  connection  with  the  official  testing  of  dairy  cows  for  produc- 
tion of  butter-fat  in  which  work  the  college  has  been  engaged  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  past.  The  competition  has  been  rendered  possible  through 
the  hearty  co-operation  of  breeders  of  pure-bred  dairy  cattle,  feed 
dealers,  creamery  companies,  and  other  parties  interested  in  the  ad- 
vancement of  our  dairy  industry,  who  have  subscribed  a  fund  of  over 
$4700  for  the  award  of  prizes  for  records  of  production  made  by  cows 
in  the  competition.  A  number  of  special  prizes  of  pure-bred  bull 
calves,  dairy  apparatus,  and  feeds  have  likewise  been  donated  in  order 
to  make  the  competition  of  general  interest  to  dairy  farmers  and  to 
insure  a  large  participation  in  it. 

CONTRIBUTORS    TO   PRIZES    IN    THE    COMPETITION 

Contributions  to  the  cash  prize  fund  and  of  special  prizes  have 
been  received  from  the  following  parties : 

A.  Cash  Prize  Fund. — Alexander  and  Kellogg,  Suisun;  Mrs.  Anita  M.  Bald- 
win, Santa  Anita;  Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Co.,  San  Francisco;  "Calf -Way"  Milker 
Co.,  San  Francisco;  California  Central  Creameries,  San  Francisco;  De  Laval 
Separator  Co.,  New  York  City,  New  York;  W.  H.  Dupee,  Santee;  J.  S.  Gibson 
Co.,  Williams;  F.  M.  Helm,  Fresno;  Miss  M.  M.  Holdridge,  Modesto;  Larrowe 
Milling  Co.,  Los  Angeles;  Millbrae  Dairy,  Millbrae;  A.  W.  Morris  &  Sons  Corp., 
Woodland;  B.  E.  Nixon,  Yountville;  Pacific  Dairy  Review,  San  Francisco;  Palo 
Alto  Stock  Farm,  Palo  Alto;  Sacramento  Clearing  House,  Sacramento;  Somers 
&  Co.,  San  Francisco;  Sperry  Flour  Mills,  Stockton;  State  Holstein  Breeders' 
Association,  Chino;  State  Jersey  Breeders'  Association,  Stockton;  F.  Stenzel, 
San  Lorenzo;  Western  Creameries  Co.,  San  Francisco;  G.  W.  Wilder,  Redlands. 

B.  Special  Prizes. — Pure-bred  bull  calves. — K.  W.  Abbott,  Milpitas;  J.  W. 
Clise,  Seattle,  Washington;  Dr.  J.  W.  Henderson,  Berkeley;  A.  B.  Humphrey, 
Mayhews;  N.  B.  Locke  Co.,  Lockeford;  C.  G.  McFarland,  San  Francisco;  W.  H. 
Savior,  San  Francisco. 

Feed. — Larrowe  Milling  Co.,  Los  Angeles. 

Cream  separators. — Associated  Mfrs.  Co.,  Waterloo,  Iowa;  Baker  &  Hamilton, 
San  Francisco;  Beck  Hardware  Co.,  San  Francisco;  De  Laval  Dairy  Supply  Co., 
San  Francisco;  Empire  Cream  Separator  Co.,  Bloomfield,  New  Jersey;  Inter- 
national Harvester  Co.,  San  Francisco. 


Milking  machines. — "Calf -Way"  Milker  Co.,  San  Francisco;  Sharpies  Sep- 
arator Co.,  San  Francisco. 

Trophies  and  medals. — American  Guernsey  Cattle  Club,  Peterboro,  New  Hamp- 
shire; American  Jersey  Cattle  Club,  New  York  City,  New  York;  Holstein- 
Friesian  Association  of  America,  Brattleboro,  Vermont;  Scott,  Magner  &  Miller, 
San  Francisco. 

Special  cash  prises.— California  Cultivator,  Los  Angeles;  McAlister  &  Sons, 
Chino;  Livestock  and  Dairy  Journal,  Sacramento;  Pacific  Rural  Press,  San 
Francisco;  the  Country  Life  Department  of  the  Sacramento  Bee,  Sacramento; 
Barber  &  Thomson  Co.,  Los  Angeles. 

The  distribution  of  the  prize  fund  for  cash  prizes,  and  the  special 
prizes  offered  in  the  competition  will  be  seen  on  page  3  of  this  circular. 

CONDUCT  OF  THE  COMPETITION 

The  production  by  the  cows  entered  in  the  competition  will  be 
determined  by  the  method  adopted  in  the  semi-official  testing  of  dairy 
cows  for  yearly  records  of  production.  About  twenty  young  men, 
especially  interested  and  trained  in  dairying,  most  of  them  graduates 
of  the  College,  or  of  the  short  courses  offered  by  the  University 
of  California,  are  at  the  present  time  employed  in  this  work.  They 
visit  the  various  ranches  for  two  days  every  month,  during  which 
period  they  are  present  at  every  milking  of  the  cows,  carefully  weigh 
and  make  fat  determinations  in  the  milk,  and  make  out  reports  on  the 
production  of  milk  and  butter-fat  for  the  two-day  periods.  The  aver- 
age per  cent  of  fat  in  the  milk  for  the  two  days  is  taken  to  represent 
the  average  quality  of  the  milk  during  the  month,  and  the  milk  yield 
reported  by  the  owner  and  verified  by  the  College  or  the  respective 
breed  associations,  multiplied  by  this  percentage,  gives  the  production 
of  butter- fat  for  the  month.  Such  production  for  twelve  consecutive 
months  will  give  very  closely  the  actual  production  for  the  year,  and 
cows  are  admitted  to  the  advanced  registers  of  the  various  breed  asso- 
ciations when  these  figures  exceed  the  minimum  requirements  for 
cows  of  different  ages  that  have  been  adopted  by  the  respective  asso- 
ciations. I 

The  method  of  conducting  the  official  tests  and  details  concerning 
the  system  of  testing  dairy  cows  for  production  are  explained  in 
Circular  135  of  the  California  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,1  a 
copy  of  which  will  be  sent  to  residents  of  the  state  upon  request. 
Address,  Director  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Berkeley,  Calif. 

In  the  competition  to  be  conducted  as  above  explained,  the  produc- 
tion  by  cows  during  the  period  of  ten  months  will  form  the  basis  of 
awarding  the  prizes  offered,  instead  of  that  for  a  period  of  one  year, 

i  Official  tests  of  dairy  cows,  by  F.  W.  Woll  and  Cora  J.  Hill. 
Calif.  Agr.  Exp.  Station,  August,   15)15. 


for  the  reason  that  in  ordinary  dairy  practice  cows  drop  a  calf  once 
every  twelve  months  and  arc  dry  for  from  four  to  six  weeks  every  year. 
When  cows  are  tested  for  yearly  records,  many  breeders  are  tempted 
to  delay  breeding  their  cows  until  late  in  the  lactation  period  and 
to  feed  very  heavily  so  that  the  cows  will  give  milk  for  the  entire  365 
days,  with  the  result  that  the  breeding  operations  are  seriously  inter- 
fered with  and  the  production  by  the  cows  during  the  following  year 
is  greatly  decreased.  By  limiting  the  record  period  to  ten  months,  cows 
may  be  regularly  bred  so  as  to  drop  a  calf  at  intervals  of  about  twelve 
months,  may  go  dry  for  at  least  a  month,  and  the  future  usefulness 
of  the  cows  in  the  herd  will  not  be  jeopardized.  Breeders  who  are 
anxious  to  obtain  good  results  from  their  cows  beyond  the  special 
period  while  they  are  placed  on  tests  may,  therefore,  enter  their  cows 
in  the  competition  without  danger  of  interfering  with  the  general 
system  of  herd  management  adopted. 

COMPETITION  OPEN  TO  ALL  KINDS  OF  COWS 
The  competition  is  not  restricted  to  pure-breds,  but  is  open  to  all 
kinds  of  cows,  including  grades,  and  cows  of  mixed  breeding.  Cows 
of  the  latter  classes  do  not  come  into  competition  with  pure-breds  in  the 
awards  of  most  prizes,  since  a  considerable  number  of  the  prizes  are 
awarded  for  records  made  by  such  cows  only.  The  value  of  the  cash 
prizes  to  be  competed  for  by  grades  alone  amounts  to  over  $1000,  and 
a  large  number  of  special  prizes  will  be  awarded  for  records  made  by 
grade  or  common  cows,  or  by  cows  irrespective  of  their  breeding. 
It  is  hoped  that  the  provision  made  for  liberal  prizes  for  this  class  of 
cows  will  appeal  to  many  farmers  owning  common  dairy  herds  and 
that  they  will  enter  cows  in  the  competition  in  large  numbers. 

PRIZES   OFFERED    IN   THE    COMPETITION 

The   following  prizes  will  be  awarded  for  records  made  in  the 
competition : 

I.  Herd  Prizes:     For  the  highest  production  of  butter-fat  by  ten 
cows  in  a  herd  during  ten  consecutive  months : 

1st  Prize  2nd  Prize  3rd  Prize  4th  Prize 

(a)  Jerseys  or  Guernseys  $300.00  $200.00  $100.00  $50.00 

(b)  Holsteins  300.00         200.00  100.00         50.00 

(c)  Grades  and  other  cows  not 

included    in    groups     (a) 

or    (b)    300.00         200.00         100.00         50.00 

Total  (12  prizes)  $1950.00 


II.  Individual  Prizes:     For  the  highest  production  of  butter-fat 
by  a  cow  during  ten  consecutive  months : 

(a)   Jerseys  or  Guernseys  ., $200.00  $100.00  $50.00       $25.00 

(6)   Holsteins  200.00  100.00  50.00         25.00 

(c)   Grades  and  other  cows  not 
included    in    groups    (a) 

or  (fe)  200.00  100.00  50.00         25.00 

Total    (12   prizes) $1125.00 

Special  Prizes. — In  dairy  bull  calves,  dairy  apparatus,  feed,  cash, 
trophies,  etc. 

A.  Pure-bred  Bull  Calves. — 

1.  For  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  during  10  consecutive 
months,  by  a  grade  herd  of  10  to  25  cows  headed  by  a  pure-bred  sire,  four  prizes, 
choice  of: 

An  Ayrshire,  Guernsey,  Holstein,  or  Jersey  bull  calf — donated,  respectively, 
by  J.  W.  Clise,  Seattle,  Washington;  A.  B.  Humphrey,  Mayhews,  California; 
K.  W.  Abbott,  Milpitas,  California;  and  N.  B.  Locke  Co.,  Lockeford,  California. 

2.  For  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  during  10  consecutive 
months,  by  a  grade  herd  of  more  than  25  cows,  headed  by  a  pure-bred  sire,  four 
prizes,  choice  of: 

An  Ayrshire,  Guernsey,  or  Jersey  bull  calf,  donated,  respectively,  by  E.  B. 
McFarland,  San  Francisco,  California;  W.  A.  Saylor,  San  Francisco,  California; 
C.  G.  McFarland,  Tulare,  California;  and  of  $100  worth  in  pure-bred  Guernsey 
or  Hampshire  males,  donated  by  Dr.  J.  W.  Henderson,  Berkeley,  California. 

B.  Milking  Machines,  Cream  Separators,  Feeds. — 

3.  For  the  two  herds  having  the  largest  and  next  to  the  largest  number  of  cows 
producing  over  300  pounds  of  butter  fat  in  10  consecutive  months,  two  prizes, 
choice  of: 

A  2-unit  outfit  of  the  "Calf -Way"  Milker,  donated  by  the  "Calf -Way" 
Milker  Company,  Chicago,  Illinois,  and  a  2-unit  Sharpies  Mechanical  Milker, 
donated  by  the  Sharpies  Separator  Company,  West  Chester,   Pennsylvania. 

Milking  machines  are  awarded  for  use  in  winner 's  herd  only. 

4.  For  the  highest  average  of  butter  fat  by  10  cows  in  a  grade  herd,  five  prizes 
(winner  of  first  three  cash  prizes  barred),  choice  of: 

A  No.  35  Iowa  Cream  Separator,  capacity  850  pounds  per  hour,  donated 
by  the  Associated  Manufacturers  Company,  Waterloo,  Iowa. 

A  No.  5  Simplex  Cream  Separator,  capacity  500  pounds  per  hour,  donated  by 
Baker  &  Hamilton,  San  Francisco,  California. 

A  No.  6  Anker-Holth  Cream  Separator,  capacity  600  pounds,  donated  by  Beck 
Hardware  Company,  San  Francisco. 

An  M-2  Baltic  Cream  Separator,  capacity  300  pounds  per  hour,  donated  by 
the  Empire  Cream  Separator  Company,  Bloomfield,  New  Jersey. 

A  No.  2  Primrose  Cream  Separator,  donated  by  the  International  Harvester 
Company  of  America,  San  Francisco. 

5.  For  the  highest  average  production  of  three  cows  in  the  same  herd,  2y2  years 
to  314  years  old  at  the  beginning  of  the  Competition, 

A  No.  15  De  Laval  Cream  Separator,  capacity  675  pounds,  donated  by  the 
De  Laval  Dairy  Supply  Company,  San  Francisco,  California. 


6.  For  the  highest  production  of  butter  fat  during  10  consecutive  months  by 
a  cow  entered  in  the  Competition, 

5  tons  of  Larrowe's  Dried  Beet  Pulp,  offered  by  the  Larrowe  Milling  Com- 
pany, Los  Angeles,  California,  provided,  that  if  the  winner  of  this  prize 
consumed  not  less  than  one  half-ton  of  Larrowe's  Dried  Beet  Pulp  in  her  ration 
during  the  record  period,  the  quantity  to  be  awarded  shall  be  increased  to 
15  tons. 

C.  Cash  Prises. — 

7.  For  the  highest  production  of  butter  fat  during  10  consecutive  months  by 
five  cows  in  a  herd,  bred  by  the  owner,  three  prizes: 

$150  each  for  (a)  pure-bred  cows,  (b)  grade  cows,  (c)  cows  irrespective  of 
their  breeding — offered  by  the  Country  Life  Department  of  The  Sacramento 
Bee,  Sacramento,  California.  No  cow  shall  compete  in  more  than  one  of  these 
groups. 

8.  For  the  highest  and  next  to  the  highest  production  of  butter  fat  during 
10  consecutive  months  by  a  cow  in  the  Imperial  Valley,  two  prizes,  respectively: 

$25  and  $15,  offered  by  Barber  &  Thomson  Company,  Los  Angeles,  California. 

9.  For  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  by  5  cows  in  a  grade  herd, 
headed  by  a  pure-bred  sire,  during  each  calendar  month,  November,  1916,  to  Febru- 
ary, 1918,  inclusive: 

A  cash  prize  of  $25  per  month,  donated  by  the  Pacific  Rural  Press,  San 
Francisco,  California — The  same  individual  cows  shall  compete  only  once  for 
this  prize. 

10.  For  the  highest  production  of  butter  fat  for  one  year  by  herds  belonging 
to  a  cow-testing  association,  three  prizes: 

One  hundred  dollars  each  for  herds  of  (a)  10  to  25  cows,  (b)  26  to  50  cows, 
(c)  over  50  cows;  offered  by  the  California  Cultivator,  Los  Angeles,  California. 

Association  records  for  twelve  consecutive  months  during  the  period  of 
November,  1916,  to  February,  1918,  will  be  considered  in  the  award  of  these 
prizes;  entries  to  close  February  28,  1917.  All  heifers  and  cows  in  milk 
during  six  months  or  more  must  be  included  in  the  average  for  the  herd. 

11.  For  the  highest  production  of  butter  fat  by  a  grade  cow  for  each  month 
during  the  year  1917 : 

A  cash  prize  of  $10  a  month,  offered  by  McAlister  &  Sons,  Chino,  California 
Records  made  by  the  same  cows  shall  only  be  considered  once  in  the  award  of 
this  prize. 

12.  (a)  For  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  by  ten  cows  in  a  grade 
herd,  headed  by  a  pure-bred  bull  out  of  a  dam  with  a  semi-official  yearly  record  at 
least.  10  per  cent  in  excess  of  the  average  butter  fat  production  of  the  herd,  and 

(b)  For  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  by  ten  cows  in  a  registered 
pure-bred  herd,  covering  a  period  of  ten  months. 

Two  prizes  of  $150  and  $100,  respectively,  offered  by  the  Livestock  and 
Dairy  Journal,  Sacramento,  California. 

D.  Trophies  and  Medals. — 

13.  For  the  highest  production  of  milk  during  10  consecutive  months  by  a  cow 
irrespective  of  her  breeding: 

A  silver  trophy,  donated  by  Scott,  Magner  &  Miller,  San  Francisco,  California. 


14.  For  the  highest  records  of  a  registered  Jersey  cow  and  by  10  cows  in  a  grade 
herd,  sired  by  a  registered  Jersey  bull: 

Two  cups,  offered  by  the  American  Jersey  Cattle  Club,  New  York  City, 
New    York. 

15.  For  the  highest  records  by  a  registered  Guernsey  cow  and  by  10  cows  in  a 
grade  herd,  sired  by  a  registered  Guernsey  bull: 

Two  trophies,  offered  by  the  American  Guernsey  Cattle  Club,  Peterboro,  New 
Hampshire. 

16.  For  the  highest  records  by  a  registered  Holstein  cow  and  by  10  cows  in  a 
grade  herd,  sired  by  a  registered  Holstein  bull : 

Two  silver  cups,  offered  by  the  Holstein -Friesian  Association  of  America, 
Brattleboro,  Arermont. 

17.  For  the  largest  production  of  butter  fat  during  10  consecutive  months  by  a 
cow  bred  by  the  owner: 

One  gold  medal.2 

18.  For  the  largest  production  of  butter  fat  during  10  consecutive  months  by  5 
cows  in  a  herd,  bred  by  the  owner: 

One  gold  medal.2 

Summary  of  Prizes  Offered  Approximate 

Number  Value 

Cash  prizes  for  10  months'  records  (prize  fund)   24  $3175 

Cash  prizes  for  10  months'  records  (special  prizes)  10  1040 

Cash  prizes  for  monthly  records  28  520 

Special  prizes  in  dairy  apparatus,  etc 26  2670 

88  $7405 

In  addition  to  the  preceding  prizes,  at  least  one  of  the  creamery  companies 
of  the  state  will  pay  one-half  of  the  expense  incident  to  the  testing  of  herds 
owned   by   their  patrons. 

The  rules  governing  the  conduct  of  official  tests,  and  details  relat- 
ing to  their  conduct,  will  be  found  in  Circular  135,  above  referred  to, 
and  will  not  be  repeated  here.  The  following  special  rules  will  govern 
the  conduct  of  the  competition. 

EULES  GOVERNING  THE  COMPETITION 

1.  Any  cow  owned  by  a  resident  of  the  State  of  California  may  be 
entered  in  the  competition. 

2.  The  awards  of  prizes  offered  in  the  competition,  except  as  other- 
wise given,  shall  be  made  on  the  basis  of  the  production  of  butter- fat 
during  a  period  of  ten  consecutive  months,  as  determined  by  the  system 
of  semi-official  testing  of  dairy  cows. 

3.  Cows  entered  in  the  competition  shall  be  tested  for  two  days  of 
every  month,   as   arranged   for   by   the   rules   governing   semi-official 


2  Cost  defrayed  from  donations  to  prize  fund  received  in  excess  of  cash  prizes 
offered  in  the  competition. 


yearly  tests  in  this  State.    Grade  cows  may,  however,  be  tested  for  only 
one  day  each  month,  if  desired. 

4.  In  order  not  to  place  young  animals  at  a  handicap  in  the  award 
of  prizes,  the  records  for  production  actually  made  by  cows  under  five 
years  of  age  shall  be  increased  in  accordance  with  the  average  results 
obtained  in  authenticated  yearly  tests  of  cows  of  different  ages,  as 
follows :  Records  made  by  cows  under  21/)  years  at  the  beginning  of 
the  test  shall  be  increased  by  30  per  cent,  and  those  made  by  older 
heifers  and  cows  shall  be  increased  as  follows :  for  heifers  2y2  to  3 
years  old,  by  24  per  cent;  for  cows  3  to  3%  years,  by  18  per  cent;  3% 
to  4  years,  by  15  per  cent ;  4  to  4%  years,  by  8  per  cent,  and  4i/>  to  5 
years,  by  5  per  cent. 

5.  The  owner  shall  furnish  a  correct  monthly  statement  of  the 
amount  of  milk  produced  by  the  cows  entered  in  the  competition  and 
of  the  kinds  and  amounts  of  the  different  feeds  eaten  by  them.  Blanks 
for  reporting  milk  yields  and  the  feed  eaten  will  be  furnished  free  of 
charge  for  this  purpose.  Milk  records  calculated  from  the  data  ob- 
tained in  the  monthly  tests  may  be  used,  at  the  option  of  the  Ex- 
periment Station  authorities,  for  arriving  at  the  production  of  the 
cows,  in  the  place  of  those  reported  by  the  owners  or  where  regular 
milk  records  are  not  kept  by  the  owner. 

6.  Records  of  production  for  the  competition  may  begin  on  the 
fifth  day  after  calving  and  shall  close  ten  months  from  the  date  of 
the  beginning  of  the  test.  A  cow  will  not,  as  a  rule,  be  tested  prior  to 
the  fourteenth  day  from  freshening.  When  an  official  test  of  a  cow  in 
the  competition,  of  seven  days'  duration  or  longer  is  conducted  during 
a  month,  the  average  fat  content  for  this  period  shall  be  used  for  the 
calculation  of  the  production  of  butter-fat  by  the  cow  during  that 
month. 

7.  Failure  to  get  a  cow  in  calf  before  the  end  of  the  fifth  month 
after  calving  shall  bar  her  from  competing  for  any  but  the  monthly 
prizes  and  the  trophies  offered  by  the  various  breed  associations. 

8.  The  cost  of  the  monthly  two-day  tests  conducted  in  connection 
with  the  competition  shall  be  $7.50  for  each  farmer,  and  that  of  one- 
day  tests  of  grade  cows,  $5.  This  cost  includes  all  direct  expenses  of 
the  tests  to  farmers,  except  room  and  board  of  the  supervisors  while 
on  duty,  «and  transportation  to  and  from  the  nearest  railway  station 
or  ranch  where  tests  are  conducted. 

9.  The  maximum  number  of  cows  in  a  herd  that  may  be  tested  at 
one  time  shall  be  fifteen  if  the  cows  are  milked  twice  a  day;  ten  if  any 
are  milked  three  times  a  day;  and  eight  if  any  are  milked  four  times 


8 

a  day.  No  cow  entered  in  the  competition  shall  be  milked  more  than 
four  times  a  day,  and  this  number  of  times  only  when  yielding  over 
60  pounds  of  milk  per  day. 

10.  The  maximum  amount  of  prize  money  paid  to  any  one  breeder 
(exclusive  of  monthly  and  special  prizes)  shall  be  $500.  Prizes  shall 
only  be  awarded  to  the  bona  fide  owner  of  a  cow  at  the  time  her  record 
is  completed.  Only  records  of  production  of  365  pounds  of  butter-fat 
or  more  by  pure-bred  cows  for  ten  months  shall  be  considered  in  the 
award  of  cash  prizes. 

11.  Where  a  choice  of  two  or  more  prizes  is  offered,  the  highest 
production  shall  entitle  the  owner  to  first  choice,  the  next  highest 
to  second  choice,  etc.,  in  the  order  of  decreasing  production. 

In  the  award  of  prizes  to  be  made  in  the  Competition,  it  shall  be 
considered  that  a  grade  cow  is  the  progeny  of  a  pure-bred  bull  and 
a  grade  or  common  cow,  and  that  a  common  or  "scrub"  cow  is  the 
progeny  of  a  "scrub"  or  a  grade  bull. 

12.  All  questions  not  covered  by  the  preceding  rules  or  by  the  rules 
governing  the  semi-official  tests  in  this  state,  shall  be  decided  by  the 
Chief  of  the  Division  of  Animal  Husbandry  in  the  College  of  Agricul- 
ture of  the  University  of  California,  whose  decision  shall  be  final. 

Applications  for  entry  in  the  competition  may  be  made  any  time 
prior  to  May  1,  1917,  when  the  entries  will  close.  Records  of  pro- 
duction may  commence  on  November  1,  1916  and  prizes  will  be  awarded 
for  records  for  ten  consecutive  months  made  prior  to  March  1,  1918. 
Entry  blanks  and  further  information  concerning  the  competition  will 
be  furnished  upon  request.  Address,  Professor  F.  W.  Woll,  in  charge 
of  dairy  tests,  University  Farm,  Davis,  California. 

The  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition  offers  a  rare  oppor- 
tunity for  breeders  and  dairy  farmers  to  have  records  of  production 
by  their  cows  considered  in  the  award  of  the  many  and  substantial 
prizes  offered  in  the  competition  and  at  the  same  time  to  get  their  pure- 
bred cows  into  the  Advanced  Registers  of  the  various  breed  associa- 
tions. For  this  reason,  and  on  account  of  the  general  advancement  of 
the  dairying  industry  of  the  state,  which  will  result  from  a  large 
participation  in  the  competition,  it  is  hoped  that  all  breeders  of  dairy 
cattle  so  situated  that  they  can  enter  cows  in  the  competition,  and 
farmers  who  own  cows  of  exceptional  productive  capacity,  whether 
pure-breds,  grades,  or  of  mixed  breeding,  will  avail  themselves  of  the 
opportunity  offered  by  this  competition  to  establish  the  value  of  their 
cows  for  dairy  production. 


